Dental Public Health Programs At The United States

Dental public health programs in the United States operate on federal, state, or local levels. The roles and responsibilities of these programs are directly related to the level of which the program operates. Both similarities and differences can be seen when comparing dental public health programs with regard to organization, financing and delivery of care. Despite differences in the levels in which different dental public health programs operate, all of the programs share a common, generalized goal of improving the oral health status of the public. At the federal level, dental care is impacted through research, development and implementation of various programs, providing funding for care, as well as providing clinical care for†¦show more content†¦At the state level, dental care is affected through development and implementation of programs and policies, administration of federal programs, and providing direct clinical care (Smith, 2013). These actions are carried ou t both by the government sector, as well as nonprofit organizations and primary care associations. Dental care at a local level is impacted in many of the same ways as it is at the state level; however, there is a greater capacity for direct clinical care to be provided at the local level. Additionally, Federally Qualified Health Centers, dental schools and dental hygiene schools are also components of the dental public health system at a local level that can provide clinical care to community members (Smith, 2013). The financing of federal dental public health programs comes directly the federal government. The funding that is provided by the federal government to the HHS is then distributed amongst its divisions where it can then dispersed for the implementation of the dental public health organizations (HHS, Budget). Some of the funds are directly used by the federal agencies; however, some of the funds are used by state agencies to administer and oversee federal programs. Additionally, the nonprofit organizations that operate at a federal level receive considerable funding through donations and grants. The

Perfect Island Objection by Anselm of Canterbury - 1504 Words

Due to the preconceptions I have concerning Anselm’s Ontological Argument, as learnt through course research and lectures. I will like Descartes in his ‘First Meditation’, put these preconceptions to one side and present an essay that explores both sides of the argument in an attempt to reach an independent conclusion. However, I hope to reach the same conclusion as I had before – that is, that the Ontological Argument can be refuted on the basis that there exists a fundamental dissimilarity between the concept of existence in our minds, and that of existence in reality. This essay will present two objections to Anselm’s Ontological argument, namely, the ‘Perfect Island Objection’ and the ‘Existence is not a Predicate’ objection, whilst†¦show more content†¦But this is not to say that they exist as things other than whatever it is that physically constitutes that person’s thoughts, so perhaps we can grant Ans elm’s argument soundness so far. Anselm now notices that there is a contradiction between his definition of God, and the assumption that God does not exist. If his definition of God demands absolute, unlimited greatness, then a God who does not exist in realty could be said to be inferior to a God that does indeed exist in reality. In our imagining of a God that exists both in our understanding and in reality, we are imagining a being of which its greatness supersedes our first conception of a non-existing God. Thus, according to Anselm’s argument, our previous assumption that God does not exist in reality must in fact be false. Therefore Anselm concludes that God must exist in reality, because if this was not the case, we would be imagining a being greater than the greatest possible being we could imagine – a contradiction no less. So where do the weaknesses in the Ontological argument lie? The first main objection I will raise is what most Philosophers refer to as the ‘perfect island objection’, a version first formally proposed by the 11th-century French monk, Gaunilo, in which he named ‘the Lost Island’ refutation. This objection attempts to use the same form as Anselm’s reductio argument, only with the aim of proving the existence of a perfect island, rather thanShow MoreRelatedOntological Argument Is Not Reliant On An Posteriori933 Words   |  4 Pages Ontological Argument Saint Anselm created the â€Å"Ontological Argument†. Saint Anselm was the archbishop of Canterbury. The premise of Saint Anselm’s Ontological Argument is that, no greater being can be conceived than God. The Ontological Argument is an a priori or deductive argument. An a priori argument does not have to be supported by real or factual evidence just by reason without observation. Thus, the Ontological Argument is not reliant on an a posteriori premise. An a posteriori argumentRead MoreEssay on The Ontological Argument for the Existence of God1545 Words   |  7 Pagesintroduced by Anselm of Canterbury in his book Proslogion. Anselms classical argument was based on two principals and the two most involved in this is St Anselm of Canterbury as previously mentioned and Rene Descartes. The ontological argument argues that if you understand what it means to talk about God, you will see His existence is necessarily true. Anselm defined God as that than which nothing greater can be conceived, hence God must exist. Anselm also believedRead MoreAnshelm ¬Ã‚ ¥s Proof of God ¬Ã‚ ¥s Existence1466 Words   |  6 Pagesissue to this day! In the following I will commit myself to the above-mentioned question by firstly reconstructing Anselm ´s proof of God ´s existence and secondly considering his position in the light of the critique put forward by Gaunilo, Aquinas and Kant. St. Anselm (1033-1109) was an Italian philosopher and monk who later left his country to become Archbishop of Canterbury. As Anselm firmly believed in God, he wanted to prove God ´s existence through use of logic and reason and thus set out to demonstrateRead MoreAnalysis of Anselms Ontological Argument and the Argument from Evil1448 Words   |  6 Pages The Ontological argument is an a priori deductive argument. That is, an argument relating to being, that is independent of prior knowledge of the subject and with a conclusion you must accept IF one accepts the preceding premises. St. Anselm of Canterbury presents the Ontological Argument: 1. We conceive of God as a being than which no greater can be conceived. 2. This being than which no greater can be conceived either exists in the mind alone or both in the mindRead MoreThe Major Features of the Ontological Argument for the Existence of God1021 Words   |  5 PagesThe Major Features of the Ontological Argument for the Existence of God The ontological argument for the existence of God was originally set out in eleventh century by St. Anselm in his Proslogian. Anselm was a Benedictine monk, Archbishop of Canterbury, and one of the great medieval theologians. It has received a lot of both support and criticism from leaning philosophers. The argument is appeals to those who already believe in the existence of God than to an atheist. The Read MoreAnselm, The Archbishop Of Canterbury1767 Words   |  8 PagesAnselm, the Archbishop of Canterbury, was the first person to present an ontological argument for the existence of God. He actually proposes two different ontological arguments at different points in the Prosologium. His first Ontological Argument for God’s Existence starts by defining God based on Christian belief as â€Å"a being than which nothing greater can be conceived.† It is on the foundation of this definition that he builds his argument. Anselm’s first point is that anyone who hears about God

Bruce Dawe Poem Essay Free Essays

Good morning/afternoon everyone. I am sure that many of you will agree with me, after studying and discussing in class war poetry, that war is destructive; it destroys properties and lives. It is also the meaning if not dehumanizing as Owen in his ‘Dulce et Decorum Est’ has pointed out. We will write a custom essay sample on Bruce Dawe Poem Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The violence and destructiveness of war reduces men in the battlefield into something less than human; they are stripped of their dignity. Ultimately as Owen points out in his poem, war is senseless or futile. Whatever the reason for going to war, it’s not justification enough for the senseless slaughter of young lives. Owen, as you know, has great ability in challenging the responders senses, to experience the horror of war. He allows us to see, to hear, to feel, to smell, even to taste the ugliness of war. Thus we see a group of soldiers trudging the muddy tracks blindly to safety. They are ‘drunk with fatigue’ and Owen captures their dehumanization by a series of similes. They are ‘bent double, like old beggars, coughing like hags’ and ‘deaf’ to the sound and fury of guns and gas shells dropping around them. I still can visualize and hear their panic reaction to the chlorine gas and those who are not quick enough to put on their mask, literally drown in what Owen calls the ‘green sea’ and our auditory sense is challenged by the guttering, the choking and the convulsed sobs. You will agree with me for sure, that the image that Owen conjures up of the victim of the chlorine gas is no less than grotesquely horrible. We see the ‘white eyes writhing’ in his agony and the convulsions that are followed by the blood that comes gargling out of the victim’s ‘froth corrupted lungs. Again a simile is used ‘bitter as the cud of vile,’ effectively giving us the ‘awful taste’ of the situation. I know of one other poet who also condemns war and who can effectively communicate the horror of war and the senselessness of it, simply by challenging our senses. Kenneth Slessor, like Wilfred Owen, has a strong indictment of war, if Owen’s tone in his poem is angry because, for him, ‘Dulce et decorum est, pro patria mori’ which since the time of Horace was used by authorities to entice men to fight for their country – it is a big ie. From the images that he conjures in this poem, there is nothing glorious about dying in such an indignified, brutal and senseless way. In contrast, Kenneth Slessor’s tone in his ‘Beach Burial’ is elegiac; he laments the destructiveness, the dehumanizing effect and the futility of war like Owen, although his anger is tempered and what we get is a tone of frustration, he communicates just as powerfully an antiwar message. His ‘Beach Burial’ presents a dramatic situation in which a group of dead sailors floats towards the beach at El Alamein in the Middle East. The dehumanization motif comes almost strikingly because the sailors is at the mercy of the sea, no longer in control of their lives, but subject to the ebb and the flow of the sea. The fact that they are ‘unknown seamen,’ a mixture of allied and axis soldiers probably highlights the senselessness of war. A man who takes pity on the dead ‘snatched them from the water’ and bury them in burrows along the beach. Clearly, the image portrayed here is one of dehumanization and responders feel great pity for them in realizing that these sailors ultimate protection is to be found within the earth as animals find comfort in the safety of their burrows. Slessor’s irony is obvious in the way he describes the situation; ‘Between the sob and clubbing of the gunfire, Someone, it seems, has time for this, To pluck them from the shallows and bury them in burrows And tread the sand upon their nakedness’ Our auditory sense is challenged by the words ‘sob’ and ‘clubbing’ in this line so that we can hear the destruction of war. When Slessor uses the word ‘pluck’ to describe the man’s action of removing the bodies from the water to be buried, I am reminded of the soldier smothered in gas in Owen’s poem being ‘flung’ behind a wagon. Both poets certainly capture the unceremonious brutality of war. The futility of war is further highlighted by the man’s bewilderment, not knowing what name to write on the crudely made tidewood crosses that he used for each grave. ‘Unknown seaman’ is the only thing he can think to write. And, at this point the voice of the poet is clearly mournful, as suggested by the repetition of the word ‘such’ and the tone; ‘Written with such perplexity, with such bewildered pity, The words choke as they begin’ Certainly there is no glory in either their death or their burial for their memorial, only stresses their anonymity. The ultimate senselessness of it all is captured in the last stanza; ‘Dead seamen, gone in search of the same landfall, Whether as enemies they fought, Or fought with us, or neither, the sand joins them together, Enlisted on the other front’ In life these sailor soldiers where able to live together without enmity, but now in death they are peacefully united; they have come from so many lands and end up in the same landfall somewhere on the beach of El Alamein. I believe we should take the message of both Owen and Slessor seriously that war destroys, that it robs us of our human dignity, and that it is ultimately senseless. Both poets have experienced the horror of war, Owen as a lieutenant in the British army in WWI and Slessor as an Australian Official War Correspondent in the Middle East during WWII. If belligerent or war-like world leaders of today study these poems, I am sure the world will be a better place to live in. How to cite Bruce Dawe Poem Essay, Essays

Eating Disorders Persuasive Essay free essay sample

I will be discussing the issue of eating disorders and how they affect nearly eight million people in the U. S. alone. Out of any other psychological disease, eating disorders have the highest mortality rate. This is becoming a much bigger problem than anyone might have anticipated, due to the constant references from the media about how being thin is so important. It has also become harder to combat, because of the fast food industry. Despite what is common knowledge, eating disorders are curable and there are various methods of treatment available thats as simple as encouragement and as complex as psychotherapy. The first thing that I would like to shine the light on is Bulimia Nervosa or â€Å"mia† as some people call it for short. Bulimia is when a person eats a lot of high calorie foods and then goes and throws it all up. I believe that bulimia is the most dangerous of all eating disorders. We will write a custom essay sample on Eating Disorders Persuasive Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One of the reasons is because rupturing of the stomach is a possible cause of sudden death, but that’s not all. Problems like weak teeth occur because of loss of tooth enamel and irregular or no period for people are also common along with suicide attempts due to depression. Some solutions for this disorder are constant therapy for a long amount of time. Illnesses such as this are usually deeply embedded and take a lot of time to heal and get over. Another big helping hand is family and friends being supportive of the whole process. The next disorder I am going to talk about is Anorexia Nervosa or â€Å"ana† as a nick name. Anorexia is a disorder where a person restrains from eating in order to lose weight. Causes for anorexia are usually a bad relationship or a breakup that somehow convinces the person into thinking that maybe it was something wrong with them and that maybe they areâ€Å"fat†. This usually pushes them so far that they may just stop eating all together and slowly start becoming borderline bulimic. Some of the negative side affects of anorexia are: fatigue, hair loss, brittle nails and bones, easy bruising, ulcers, and cramps. Some of the other more serious symptoms of anorexia are cardiac arrest and suicide attempts. Some of the possible fixes for this disorder are rehabilitation centers and constant support and reassurance. The person has to know that there are people who love them for them. Even though this disease is almost completely about the way they see themselves. The last disorder I am going to discuss is compulsive overeating. This disorder is basically like a mirror of bulimia and anorexia nervosa. Meaning that you still have low self-esteem and a distorted body image, but instead of starving, binging, and purging, you constantly eat and think about food. Being uncomfortable and unsure of yourself are both reasons for this disorder, but being made fun of can also contribute to it. Some of the negative physical affects of this disease are high blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglycerides as well as heart and liver problems and failure. Ways to cope with this disease are the same as the above two issues, going to constant therapy and even rehabilitation if it is needed. Family and friends always make the healing process easier and quicker. To conclude this essay eating disorders are a big deal and they can be very dangerous, even deadly. They are not an easy thing to deal with, have, or get over but there is help. All three disorders, bulimia, anorexia, and compulsive overeating, can be made easier if you take the right steps. Through different types of treatment eating disorders are curable. So it seems as though this is one problem that can be solved after all. Eating Disorders Persuasive Essay free essay sample I will be discussing the issue of eating disorders and how they affect nearly eight million people in the U. S. alone. Out of any other psychological disease, eating disorders have the highest mortality rate. This is becoming a much bigger problem than anyone might have anticipated, due to the constant references from the media about how being thin is so important. It has also become harder to combat, because of the fast food industry. Despite what is common knowledge, eating disorders are curable and there are various methods of treatment available thats as simple as encouragement and as complex as psychotherapy. The first thing that I would like to shine the light on is Bulimia Nervosa or â€Å"mia† as some people call it for short. Bulimia is when a person eats a lot of high calorie foods and then goes and throws it all up. I believe that bulimia is the most dangerous of all eating disorders. We will write a custom essay sample on Eating Disorders Persuasive Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One of the reasons is because rupturing of the stomach is a possible cause of sudden death, but that’s not all. Problems like weak teeth occur because of loss of tooth enamel and irregular or no period for people are also common along with suicide attempts due to depression. Some solutions for this disorder are constant therapy for a long amount of time. Illnesses such as this are usually deeply embedded and take a lot of time to heal and get over. Another big helping hand is family and friends being supportive of the whole process. The next disorder I am going to talk about is Anorexia Nervosa or â€Å"ana† as a nick name. Anorexia is a disorder where a person restrains from eating in order to lose weight. Causes for anorexia are usually a bad relationship or a breakup that somehow convinces the person into thinking that maybe it was something wrong with them and that maybe they areâ€Å"fat†. This usually pushes them so far that they may just stop eating all together and slowly start becoming borderline bulimic. Some of the negative side affects of anorexia are: fatigue, hair loss, brittle nails and bones, easy bruising, ulcers, and cramps. Some of the other more serious symptoms of anorexia are cardiac arrest and suicide attempts. Some of the possible fixes for this disorder are rehabilitation centers and constant support and reassurance. The person has to know that there are people who love them for them. Even though this disease is almost completely about the way they see themselves. The last disorder I am going to discuss is compulsive overeating. This disorder is basically like a mirror of bulimia and anorexia nervosa. Meaning that you still have low self-esteem and a distorted body image, but instead of starving, binging, and purging, you constantly eat and think about food. Being uncomfortable and unsure of yourself are both reasons for this disorder, but being made fun of can also contribute to it. Some of the negative physical affects of this disease are high blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglycerides as well as heart and liver problems and failure. Ways to cope with this disease are the same as the above two issues, going to constant therapy and even rehabilitation if it is needed. Family and friends always make the healing process easier and quicker. To conclude this essay eating disorders are a big deal and they can be very dangerous, even deadly. They are not an easy thing to deal with, have, or get over but there is help. All three disorders, bulimia, anorexia, and compulsive overeating, can be made easier if you take the right steps. Through different types of treatment eating disorders are curable. So it seems as though this is one problem that can be solved after all.